Evidence Library · Leadership Pathways & Outcomes

Both leader and follower sleep deprivation reduced ratings of charismatic leadership

Peer-reviewed researchPeer reviewed

External empirical finding · Supporting · 2016

Both leader and follower sleep deprivation reduced ratings of charismatic leadership

In two laboratory experiments involving 88 and 109 business students, manipulated sleep deprivation reduced ratings of charismatic leadership. Sleep-deprived speakers made less effort to generate the emotions they wanted to convey. Sleep-deprived followers experienced less positive emotion and consequently rated leaders as less charismatic.

Research basis

Two laboratory experiments. Business students assigned to sleep-deprived or control conditions; 88 participated in the leader-expression experiment and 109 in the follower-perception experiment.

What it supports

Causal evidence that sleep-related state can affect leadership expression and follower perception through measured affective pathways.

Boundary

These experiments measured perceptions of charisma in simulated leadership situations. They did not involve organizational leaders, actual teams, leadership effectiveness, decision quality, or company performance.

BOL relevance

Supports leadership behavior and follower perception as explanatory pathways, not additional BOL pillars.

Source class

Peer-reviewed research

Role in BOL

Supporting

Population context

Leaders or executives

Evidence basis

Objectively measured or experimentally assessed

Sample

88 and 109 business students across two experiments

Comparator

Sleep-deprived versus control conditions

Endpoint

Ratings of charismatic leadership

sleep deprivationcharismatic leadershipaffectexperiment

Full source review pending. Status last assessed 26 July 2026.

This entry is part of the Bio-Optimized Leadership™ Evidence Library. Each claim states its research basis, what the source supports, what it does not support, and how it relates to the BOL model.